
PIC16F870/871
DS30569B-page 82
2003 Microchip Technology Inc.
10.1
A/D Acquisition Requirements
For the A/D converter to meet its specified accuracy,
the charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) must be allowed
to fully charge to the input channel voltage level. The
source impedance (RS) and the internal sampling
switch (RSS) impedance directly affect the time
required to charge the capacitor CHOLD. The sampling
switch (RSS) impedance varies over the device voltage
mended impedance for analog sources is 10 k
. As
the impedance is decreased, the acquisition time may
be decreased. After the analog input channel is
selected (changed), this acquisition must be done
before the conversion can be started.
To
calculate
the
minimum
acquisition
time,
that 1/2 LSb error is used (1024 steps for the A/D). The
1/2 LSb error is the maximum error allowed for the A/D
to meet its specified resolution.
To calculate the minimum acquisition time, TACQ, see
the PICmicro Mid-Range MCU Family Reference
Manual (DS33023).
EQUATION 10-1:
ACQUISITION TIME
FIGURE 10-2:
ANALOG INPUT MODEL
TACQ
TC
TACQ
=
Amplifier Settling Time + Hold Capacitor Charging Time + Temperature Coefficient
TAMP + TC + TCOFF
2
s + TC + [(Temperature – 25°C)(0.05 s/°C)]
CHOLD (RIC + RSS + RS) In(1/2047)
- 120 pF (1 k
+ 7 k + 10 k) In(0.0004885)
16.47
s
2
s + 16.47 s + [(50°C – 25°C)(0.05 s/°C)
19.72
s
Note 1: The reference voltage (VREF) has no effect on the equation, since it cancels itself out.
2: The charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) is not discharged after each conversion.
3: The maximum recommended impedance for analog sources is 10 k
. This is required to meet the pin
leakage specification.
4: After a conversion has completed, a 2.0 TAD delay must complete before acquisition can begin again.
During this time, the holding capacitor is not connected to the selected A/D input channel.
CPIN
VA
RS
ANx
5 pF
VDD
VT = 0.6V
I LEAKAGE
RIC
≤ 1k
Sampling
Switch
SS RSS
CHOLD
= DAC capacitance
VSS
6V
Sampling Switch
5V
4V
3V
2V
567 8 9 10 11
(k
)
VDD
= 120 pF
± 500 nA
Legend
CPIN
VT
I LEAKAGE
RIC
SS
CHOLD
= input capacitance
= threshold voltage
= leakage current at the pin due to
= interconnect resistance
= sampling switch
= sample/hold capacitance (from DAC)
various junctions